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  1. Home > Articles & Issues >
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  3. Word equations in a ...
Conference paper

Word equations in a uniquely divisible group

Christopher J. Hillar (1), Lionel Levine ORCID (2), Darren Rhea (3)
(1) Mathematical Sciences Research Institute
(2) Department of Mathematics [MIT]
(3) Department of Mathematics [Berkeley]
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Imported on
January 31, 2017
Published on
December 31, 2009
Last modified on
March 31, 2025
Volume
DMTCS Proceedings vol. AN, 22nd International Conference on Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics (FPSAC 2010)
Proceedings
DOI
10.46298/dmtcs.2807
License
https://about.hal.science/hal-authorisation-v1
National Science Foundation
0441170
Mathematical Sciences Research Institute 5 Year Proposal
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649
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Word equations in a uniquely divisible group

Christopher J. Hillar (1), Lionel Levine ORCID (2), Darren Rhea (3)
(1) Mathematical Sciences Research Institute
(2) Department of Mathematics [MIT]
(3) Department of Mathematics [Berkeley]
Abstract
English
We study equations in groups $G$ with unique $m$-th roots for each positive integer $m$. A word equation in two letters is an expression of the form$ w(X,A) = B$, where $w$ is a finite word in the alphabet ${X,A}$. We think of $A,B ∈G$ as fixed coefficients, and $X ∈G$ as the unknown. Certain word equations, such as $XAXAX=B$, have solutions in terms of radicals: $X = A^-1/2(A^1/2BA^1/2)^1/3A^-1/2$, while others such as $X^2 A X = B$ do not. We obtain the first known infinite families of word equations not solvable by radicals, and conjecture a complete classification. To a word w we associate a polynomial $P_w ∈ℤ[x,y]$ in two commuting variables, which factors whenever $w$ is a composition of smaller words. We prove that if $P_w(x^2,y^2)$ has an absolutely irreducible factor in $ℤ[x,y]$, then the equation $w(X,A)=B$ is not solvable in terms of radicals.
French
Nous étudions des équations dans les groupes $G$ avec les $m$-th racines uniques pour chaque nombre entier positif m. Une équation de mot dans deux lettres est une expression de la forme $w(X, A) = B$, où $w$ est un mot fini dans l'alphabet ${X, A}$. Nous pensons $A, B ∈G$ en tant que coefficients fixes, et $X ∈G$ en tant que inconnu. Certaines équations de mot, telles que $XAXAX=B$, ont des solutions en termes de radicaux: $X = A^-1/2(A^1/2BA^1/2)^1/3A^-1/2$, alors que d'autres tel que $X^2 A X = B$ ne font pas. Nous obtenons les familles infinies d'abord connues des équations de mot non solubles par des radicaux, et conjecturons une classification complété. Á un mot $w$ nous associons un polynôme $P_w ∈ℤ[x, y]$ dans deux variables de permutation, qui factorise toutes les fois que $w$ est une composition de plus petits mots. Nous montrons que si $P_w(x^2, y^2)$ a un facteur absolument irréductible dans $ℤ[x, y]$, alors l'équation $w(X, A)=B$ n'est pas soluble en termes de radicaux.
Keywords
  • [MATH.MATH-CO]Mathematics [math]/Combinatorics [math.CO]
  • [INFO.INFO-DM]Computer Science [cs]/Discrete Mathematics [cs.DM]
  • absolutely irreducible
  • polynomials over finite fields
  • solutions in radicals
  • uniquely divisible group
  • word equation
Cited by

Source: OpenCitations

  • Computing Solutions of the Yang-Baxter-Like Matrix Equation for Diagonalisable Matrices

    East Asian Journal on Applied Mathematics

    Authors : J. Ding ORCID, Noah H. Rhee

    Journal reference : Volume 5, 2015, pp. 75-84

    DOI : 10.4208/eajam.230414.311214a
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