Sami Assaf ; Persi Diaconis ; Kannan Soundararajan
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Riffle shuffles with biased cuts
dmtcs:3053 -
Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science,
January 1, 2012,
DMTCS Proceedings vol. AR, 24th International Conference on Formal Power Series and Algebraic Combinatorics (FPSAC 2012)
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https://doi.org/10.46298/dmtcs.3053
Riffle shuffles with biased cutsArticle
Authors: Sami Assaf 1; Persi Diaconis 2; Kannan Soundararajan 3
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Sami Assaf;Persi Diaconis;Kannan Soundararajan
1 Department of Mathematics [Los Angeles]
2 Department of Statistics [Stanford]
3 Department of Mathematics [Stanford]
The well-known Gilbert-Shannon-Reeds model for riffle shuffles assumes that the cards are initially cut `about in half' and then riffled together. We analyze a natural variant where the initial cut is biased. Extending results of Fulman (1998), we show a sharp cutoff in separation and L-infinity distances. This analysis is possible due to the close connection between shuffling and quasisymmetric functions along with some complex analysis of a generating function.